In thrombosis, a blood vessel becomes blocked by a blood clot. This happens when there is an imbalance between the coagulation system and the anticoagulation system. Three factors are involved:
-The condition of the blood vessel wall
-The condition of the blood flow
-The composition of the blood
There are different types of thrombosis:
Arterial Thrombosis
Thrombosis occurs in the arteries and can cause myocardial or cerebral infarction. When a clot occurs in an artery, arterial stiffness is of critical importance. Atherosclerosis is caused by damage to the arterial wall, and calcified arteries are more prone to thrombus formation.
Venous Thrombosis
This causes a blood clot to form in one of the veins. It can occur anywhere in the body. However, the most common is in the legs. When this happens, it results in a thrombosis leg. When part of this clot is dislodged and clogs a blood vessel in the lung, it is called pulmonary embolism. Venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism occur frequently.
Possible Causes
Factors that increase the risk of developing thrombosis are different for arterial thrombosis and venous thrombosis.
Here are some of the possible causes:
-Surgery, especially hip or knee replacement surgery.
-On prolonged bed rest, such as after surgery, accident or injury.
-Cancer. Treatment of cancer with chemotherapy and hormones changes the composition of the blood, and the different composition of the blood may cause it to clot faster.
-During pregnancy or after childbirth.
-People with genetic diseases may experience faster blood clotting. In addition to this, there are other factors, such as hormonal changes when you are on the pill, pregnant, or a plane for a long time.
-When you smoke, Smoking worsens the quality of blood vessels. Smoking can cause arteriosclerosis and other problems. And inflammation of blood vessel walls causes blood clotting function, which leads to thrombosis. High cholesterol, diabetes, and high blood pressure also play an important role.
-If you are genetically predisposed to thrombosis.
How To Recognize Thrombosis
The symptoms of thrombosis depend in part on where in the body the thrombosis occurs. Depending on the location, a variety of symptoms can occur.
Symptoms of Myocardial Infarction
In a myocardial infarction, the coronary arteries are completely blocked, so the myocardium is either not supplied with oxygen or is deficient. Symptoms are as follows:
-There is a tender pain in the middle of the chest. This pain may radiate to the upper arms, neck, jaw, back, and stomach, even at rest.
-Sweating, nausea, and vomiting.
-Palpitations and heart pounding.
-Dizziness.
-Restlessness, anxiety, and ragged breathing.
Symptoms of Stroke and Cerebral Infarction
Cerebral infarction is a condition in which a blood clot blocks a blood vessel in the brain for a long time and the part of the brain behind it receives too little oxygen. This can lead to symptoms of loss of function. If the blockage persists for a long time, the brain tissue may even die. Symptoms that may occur are as follows:
-Lowered corners of the mouth.
-Slurred speech.
-Paralysis of the arms.
-Double vision.
-Dizziness.
-Leg complaints of thrombosis
Thrombosis occurs when a blood clot blocks a blood vessel in the leg. If you have any of the following symptoms, it is essential to consult a doctor immediately. Thrombosis legs can cause pulmonary embolism, a life-threatening condition. The following symptoms may occur:
-Pain in the legs. This pain may start in the calf or above the knee.
-Swelling of the leg. This swelling may occur relatively early.
-Reddish purple discoloration of the leg.
Symptoms of Pulmonary Embolism
Pulmonary embolism is a condition in which a blood clot gets lodged in the lungs. The main symptoms of pulmonary embolism are as follows:
-Acute and unexplained shortness of breath.
-Pain when sighing or coughing.
-Palpitations.
-Fainting.
-Giving blood.
-Pale face.
-Sweating.
-Chest pain.
